| Texture | Fine, crumbly structure |
| Color | Dark brown to black |
| Odor | Earthy, musty |
| Moisture Content | 30% to 40% |
| pH Level | 6.5 to 8.0 |
| Organic Matter Content | > 50% |
| Total Nitrogen (N) | 1.0% to 2.5% |
| Phosphorus (P2O5) | 0.5% to 1.5% |
| Potassium (K2O) | 0.5% to 1.0% |
| Calcium (Ca) | 1.0% to 2.5% |
| Magnesium (Mg) | 0.2% to 0.5% |
| C:N Ratio | 15:1 to 30:1 |
| Particle Size | 2mm to 5mm |
| Earthworm Activity | Presence of earthworms |
| Weed Seeds | Few to none |